• 4 Units

• 3 hrs Theory

  2 hrs Laboratory

• General

• Botany

• Course Description:   (وصف المقرر)

   

   

  Brief Description:

  Pharmacognosy is a branch of pharmaceutical sciences which focuses on drugs of herbal and natural origin. Although Pharmacognosy mostly deals with medicinal herbs, some animal products and bacterial products are also discussed in it. Pharmacognosy is the oldest branch of pharmacy since humans have been producing medicines using plants and microbes for ages.

   

  Course Objectives:

  Upon successful completion of this course, the students should be able to: Illustrate the morphological and histological structures of different organs of medicinal plants such as leaves, Flowers, Herbs, Barks and woods, seeds, fruits, roots and rhizomes. Discuss role of these medicinal plants in the treatment of different disease conditions. Identify many medicinal plants microscopically in both their entire and powdered forms.

   

  Generic Skills:

  The faculty is committed to ensuring that students have the full range of knowledge and skills required for full participation in all aspects of their lives, including skills enabling them to be life-long learners. To ensure graduates have this preparation, such generic skills as literacy and numeric, computer, interpersonal communications, and critical thinking skills will be embedded in all courses.

   

  Attendance Expectations:

  Students are expected to attend every session of class, arriving on time, returning from breaks promptly and remaining until class is dismissed. Absences are permitted only for medical reasons and must be supported with a doctor’s note.

   

  Content Breakdown:

  Session\Week	Topical Coverage
  Session 1(Week 1)	General Introduction to Pharmacognosy: •         Selection&breedingofmedicinalplants. •         Cultivation of medicinal plants. •         Factors affecting plant growth
  Session 2 (Week 2)	•         Pharmacognosical study of crude drugs •         Preparation of drugs from plants to pharmaceuticals. •         Adulteration. •         Secondary plant metabolites. •         Dusting powder.
  Session 3 (Week 3)	Drugs composed of Leaves: •         Introduction to Leaves. Senna Digitalis (In detail) •         Morphology. T.S, Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses.
  Session 4 (Week 4)	•         Buchu, Uvaursi, Belladonna, Stramonium, Egyptian henbane, Coca, Boldo Jaborandi, Eucalyptus, Gambier, Henna and Tea leaf. •         (Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses).
  Session 5 (Week 5)	Introduction to flower: •         Roman & German chamomile. Clove, (In detail) •         Morphology. T.S, Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses.
  Session 6 (Week 6)	•         Pyrethrum, Santonica, Saffron, Safflower, Karkadeh, Lavander. (Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses).
  Session 7 (Week 7)	Introduction to barks: •         Cinchona, Cinnamon, Cassia and Galls. (In detail) •         Morphology. T.S, Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses.
  Session 8 (Week 8)	•         Cascara, FrangulaQuillaia, pomegranate bark, •         Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses.
  Session 9 (Week 9)	Introduction to wood: •         Quassia wood. (In detail) •         Morphology. T.S, Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses. •         Sandal and Guiacum woods. (Characteristic elements in powder, active constituents, Chemical test, Uses
  Session 10 (Week 10)	Introduction to seeds: •         Cardamom, Strophanthus, Nux vomica,( In detail),Stramonium, Colchicum, Nutmeg, Black mustard White mustard, Linseed, Fenugreek, Castor seed.
  Session 11 (Week 11)	Midterm Assessment
  Session 12 (Week 12)
  Session 13 (Week 13)
  Session 14 (Week 14)
  Session 15 (Week 15)	Introduction to fruits: •         Umbelliferous fruit Fennel, Anise, Coriander, (in detail) •         Ammivisnaga, Ammimajus, Caraway, Dill. Cumin, Hemlock,
  Session 16 (Week 16)	•         Black pepper, Colocynth. Bitter orange peels, Hop Vanilla, Capsicum, Poppy
  Session 17 (Week 17)	Introduction to subterranean organs: •         Rhizomes: Ginger, Rhubarb, In detail
  Session 18 (Week 18)	•         Filix mass, Valerian. Podophyllum, Hydrastis, Turmeric, Colchicum.
  Session 19 (Week 19)	•         Roots: Liquorice, Ipecacuanha, Rauwolfia. In detail
  Session 20 (Week 20)	•         Senega, Marshmallow, Gentian, Jalap, Aconite. •         Sasaparilla
  Session 21 (Week 21)	Introduction to herbs: •         Hyoscyamus, Lobelia, In detail
  Session 22 (Week 22)	•         Vinca, Mentha, Thyme, Ephedra •         Ergot & Cannabis
  Session 23 (Week 23)	Introduction to unorganized drugs: •         Colophony, Aloes, Myrrh, Asafetida
  Session 24 (Week 24)	•         Mastic Olibanum Benzoin Balsam Peru Balsam Tolu
  Session 25 (Week 25)	•         Storax Gum acacia Gum tragacanth, Agar, Gelatin Opium
  Session 26 (Week 26)	Introduction to animal drugs: •         Cochineal, Cod liver oil, Cantharides, Insulin, Collagen •         Heparin, Beeswax, Musk, Umber.
  Session 27 (Week 27)	Review
  Session 28 (Week 28)	Review
  Practical work	•     Safety rules •     Introduction to the Microscope, microscopical identification for starch & dusting powders. •     Drugs composed of Leaves •         T. S of Drug. powder. Active constituents, Chemical test, medicinal uses. •         Senna leaf •         Characteristic elements in Powder, Active constituents, Chemical test, medicinal uses. Digitalis, Belladonna leaf. •         Origin, Active constituents, Chemical test, medicinal uses. Eucalyptus, •         Boldo, Henna, Uvi-ursi, ·    Drugs composed of Flower •         T. S of Drug. powder. Active constituents, Chemical test, medicinal uses. •         Clove •         Characteristic elements in Powder, Active constituents, Chemical test, medicinal uses. Chamomile. •         Origin, Active constituents, Chemical test, medicinal uses. Karkadeh, Santonica ·    Drugs composed of Seeds •         Linseed, Cardemom, Nux vomica and Nutmeg, Fenugreek ·    Drugs composed of Fruits •         Fennel, Anise, Capsicum, and Ammivisnage, Black pepper, Colocynth, Coriander. ·    Drugs composed of Barks •         Cinchona, Galls, Cinnamon, Cassia, and Pomeograntha, Cascara. ·    Drugs composed of Wods •         Quassia wood ·    Drugs composed of Roots •         Liquorice, Squill, and Ipecachuana ·    Drugs composed of Rhizomes •         Ginger, Rhubarb, Curcuma, and Curcuma ·    Drugs composed of Unorganized Drugs Morphology Active constituents and Medicinal use •         Colophony, Myrrh, Acacia Arabic, Benzoin, Aloes

   

  Delivery:   

  • Lectures (Tools: board, data show). The lectures were added on the internet site of the faculty to be available to the students all the time as an e-learning.
  • Practical Session (Tools: labs., boards, instruments, chemicals, glassware, equipment).
  • Assignments, seminars, research and posters.

   

  Course Assessments:

  • 20% Midyear Examination
  • 10% Practical continuous Assessment, Exam
  • 10% Quiz, reports, presentation
  • 20% Final practical Examination
  • 40% Final written Examination
  • 100% Total

   

  Textbooks:

  • Treas and Evans` Pharmacognosy by William Charles Evans ISBN: 9780702029332, 2009
  • Additional Resources: Lectures Notes

• 4 Units

• 3 hrs Theory

  2 hrs Laboratory

• General

• Pharmacognosy

Course Description:   (وصف المقرر)

Brief Description:

Phytochemistry is a branch   of   pharmaceutical   sciences   which study the phytochemicals, derived from plants. Phytochemists strive to describe the structures of the large number of secondary metabolites found in plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds. The compounds found in plants are of many kinds, but most can be grouped into four major biosynthetic classes: alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, polyketides, and terpenoids.

Course Objectives:

Upon successful completion of this course, the students should illustrate the 2ry plant metabolites. The student should be able to: Give an account on the chemistry, biological activity of volatile oils, carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, bitter principles, tannins and resins. Describe the mechanism of action of these biologically active components and their structure activity relationship. Recognize or draw the chemical structure of such biologically active compounds. Enumerate the physical and chemical properties of active and inactive chemicals. Define the role of these medicinal plants in the treatment of different diseased conditions. Illustrate the concepts of chemistry of biologically active natural products e.g., volatile oil, carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, bitter principles, tannins and resins.

Generic Skills:

The faculty is committed to ensuring that students have the full range of knowledge and skills required for full participation in all aspects of their lives, including skills enabling them to be life-long learners. To ensure graduates have this preparation, such generic skills as literacy and numeric, computer, interpersonal communications, and critical thinking skills will be embedded in all courses.

Attendance Expectations:

Students are expected to attend every session of class, arriving on time, returning from breaks promptly and remaining until class is dismissed. Absences are permitted only for medical reasons and must be supported with a doctor’s note.

Content Breakdown:

Delivery:     

• Lectures (Tools: board, data show).
• Tutorials and group discussions.
• Assignments (if applicable), seminars, research and posters.
• Practical classes (Lab experiments+ computerized experiments simulation). The lectures are added on the internet site of the faculty to be available to the students all the time as an e-learning.

Course Assessments:

• 20% Midyear Examination
• 10% Quizzes, reports, presentation
• 10% Practical continuous Assessment, Exam
• 20% Final practical Examination
• 40% Final written Examination
• 100% Total

Textbooks:

• Treas and Evans` Pharmacognosy by William Charles Evans ISBN: 9780702029332, 2009
• Additional Resources: Lectures Notes

• 3 Units

• 2 hrs Theory

  2 hrs Laboratory

• General

• Pharmacognosy
• Phytochemistry

Course Description:   (وصف المقرر)

Brief Description:

Upon successful completion of this course, the student should have information about formulation of herbal drug mixtures and their interaction, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of herbal medicines in addition to chromatographic techniques and its application in the isolating of active principles.

Course Objectives:

Upon completion of this course, the student will have reliably demonstrated the ability to: Give an account on the general principles of quality control, chromatographic analysis of herbal products, storage and preservation of herbal drugs, marker determination, validation and applications of analysis of herbal tea bags. Describe the application of GC and HPLC in the analysis of herbal constituents. Recognize the structure of pure active natural products applying different methods of spectral analysis e.g. UV., IR, MS and NMR. Implement/Perform standard industrial and/or pharmaceutical instrumentation and laboratory procedures and applying such skill in aromatherapy. Define Complementary therapies, including herbal therapies. Enumerate the concepts of chemistry of biologically active natural products viz, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, bitter principles, alkaloids, volatile oil and unorganized drugs in addition to principle of chromatography that covers theories and applications in natural product analysis. Enumerate the principle of Plant cell and tissue culture that covers theories and applications in natural product production. Identify different classes of marine natural products illustrate the most important biologically active constituents from marine. Identify different classes of tumor inhibitors from natural products clinically use. Identify different classes of hallucinogenics & drug abuse and methods of detection. Identify the different methods Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Identification of the most important Toxic plants of Libya.

Generic Skills:

The faculty is committed to ensuring that students have the full range of knowledge and skills required for full participation in all aspects of their lives, including skills enabling them to be life-long learners. To ensure graduates have this preparation, such generic skills as literacy and numeric, computer, interpersonal communications, and critical thinking skills will be embedded in all courses.

Attendance Expectations:

Students are expected to attend every session of class, arriving on time, returning from breaks promptly and remaining until class is dismissed. Absences are permitted only for medical reasons and must be supported with a doctor’s note.

Content Breakdown:

Delivery:     

• Lectures (Tools: board, data show). The lectures were added on the internet site of the faculty to be available to the students all the time as an e-learning.
• Practical Session (Tools: labs., boards, instruments, chemicals, glassware, equipment).
• Assignments, seminars, research and posters.

Course Assessments:

• 20%, Midyear Examination
• 10%, Practical continuous Assessment
• 10% Quizzes, reports, presentation
• 20% Final practical Examination
• 40% Final written Examination
• 100% Total

Textbooks:

• Trease, G.E. and Evans, W.C.; Pharmacognosy, W.B. Saunders, Publishers, Ltd, 17th ed., 2012.
• 2D NMR spectroscopy, Silverstein.
• Lecture and practical notes prepared by instructors
• Essential & Recommended books
• Periodicals, Web sites, … etc
• https://pubmed.com